Research of the state of the air environment in the premises of primary and vocational (vocation-technical) education institutions

Abstract

Purpose. Study of the dynamics of the respirable fraction of dust (PM2.5 and PM10) and analysis of its impact
on the health of students in classrooms and training workshops of institutions of higher and vocational education in the city of
Kremenchuk. Method. The study of air quality in educational premises was carried out on the basis of the empirical method during
a field experiment, statistical analysis of the obtained data and approximation of the results. The results. The study showed that
the concentration of the respirable fraction of dust (PM2.5, PM10) in training workshops varies significantly depending on the type
of premises and the work performed. The concentration of dust changes during the day: it increases at the beginning of classes,
decreases during breaks, and increases significantly during active work. Exceeding the dust load was recorded at the investigated
workplaces, and the highest dust level from the purpose of the article was recorded at the welder's workplace. The assessment of
ventilation systems showed that the speed of air movement during classes increased by 5-15 times, which indicates the efficiency
of their work, especially at the welder's workplace. Studies have shown that in order to improve the level of dust pollution in the
working area, it is necessary to improve and automate ventilation and aspiration systems, as well as to implement the use of personal
protective equipment. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the conducted research takes into account the real conditions of the
educational and production process in institutions of higher and vocational education. A comprehensive approach to air quality
analysis is proposed, which includes pollution monitoring (PM2.5, PM10), detection of patterns of changes in dust concentration
depending on the stages of training process, mathematical description of pollution dynamics, and evaluation of the efficiency of
ventilation systems. The obtained results can become the basis for improving air quality control measures in educational workshops
and developing regulations that will ensure the safety of the educational process. Practical value. The results of the research allow:
to optimize ventilation systems by determining the required speed of air flow based on real data on the concentration of pollutants
in the air of educational and production workshops; develop adaptive air filtration systems to reduce the level of the respirable
fraction of dust in production facilities; justify the need for systematic monitoring of the air environment in training workshops, in
particular using modern technologies (wireless sensor modules); introduce protective measures for students aged 14-19, who are
most sensitive to industrial dust exposure. The application of the obtained results will contribute to increasing the level of safety of
the educational process, reducing professional risks for students and improving working conditions in educational workshops.