Identification of Postal Communication Objects for Optimizing Postal Correspondence Processing

Abstract

The article examines the pressing issue of postal object identification as a crucial element in optimizing
mail processing operations. The increase in shipment volumes, driven by the development of e -commerce and globalization,
poses significant challenges for postal services, particularly in ensuring speed, accuracy, and cost-effectiveness of processing. Traditional manual sorting methods are resource-intensive, prone to errors, and fail to meet modern productivity
demands, especially during peak periods. The research focuses on the implementation of automated identification systems
based on RFID technologies, computer vision systems, and barcodes. Their effectiveness was analyzed according to three
key indicators: processing speed, identification accuracy, and cost efficiency. It has been established that automation significantly enhances processing speed: RFID enables processing of up to 500 items per hour, computer vision systems—up
to 450 items, and barcode technologies—up to 400 items. This far exceeds the speed of manual sorting, which is only 200
items per hour. In terms of identification accuracy, RFID achieves 99%, making it the most reliable technology, particularly
under high workloads. Computer vision systems ensure 98% accuracy, while barcodes, due to their susceptibility to label
damage, have an accuracy rate of 95%. The economic evaluation revealed that automation substantially reduces processing
costs. The implementation of RFID in a postal center handling 10,000 items per day reduced labor costs by 40%, equivalent
to 20,000 in monthly savings. Computer vision systems allow for savings of 15,000 by reducing the need for manual verification. Experimental implementation of RFID in a Kyiv postal center confirmed the practical effectiveness of automation.
The article also highlights the prospects for the development of automation systems, including the integration of artificial
intelligence and the Internet of Things. These technologies have the potential to enhance monitoring and forecasting, furthe r
improving logistics processes. The adoption of such solutions will enable postal operators to address modern challenges
while maintaining high service quality and competitiveness.