A RISK-ORIENTED APPROACH TO DETERMINING WORKING CONDITIONS OF CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF THE WORKERS IN TRANSPORT INDUSTRY

Abstract

This article discusses the analysis of the principles, methods and criteria of risk assessment. The definition has been given to the concept of professional risk as harm to human health by the conditions of professional activity. It has been established that the main direction of improving the safety of working conditions is a systematic approach based on the analysis and assessment of risks caused by the specifics of processes in the transport industry. Objective regularities of the occurrence of hazards in the professional activities of railway workers have been identified. The current trend of globalization of the world economy and regional integration has increased the need for cooperation between countries, since objectively there are common goals and approaches in the field of industrial safety and occupational health, the need for interaction between occupational safety and environmental changes, as well as between occupational health and productivity. The purpose of such a systematic policy is to prevent accidents and occupational diseases of workers as a result of dangerous situations and transport accidents. A unified approach to calculating production risk depending on the parameters of the working area has been obtained, taking into account the time spent by hazardous factors working in the affected area, which does not require entering multiple scales to characterize the quality of the environment. Based on the algorithm for converting environmental parameters into an production risk indicator, an analysis of working conditions maps was carried out according to the results of certification of jobs at the regional branch of Southern Railway, PJSC Ukrainian Railway. The obtained integral risk indicators show the subjectivity of the assessment of actual conditions and the nature of labor in accordance with the existing legislation. The contradiction between the Ukrainian legislation and the world standards for the protection of labor health and safety for controlled conditions that minimize the possible consequences of harmful and dangerous factors in the working environment and the labor process has been revealed. A method is proposed for determining the danger level for workers in the working area under the conditions of the joint action of harmful factors of various classes. The method provides that the dependencies obtained on the basis of the risk-based approach can be used to certify jobs when determining the priority of labor protection measures taking into account the level of production and occupational risks