SHIELDING OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND NOISE IN BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

Abstract

Analysis of the current state of electromagnetic and acoustic pollution of the industrial and environmental environment indicates the need to substantiate the general principles of building protection with universal protective structures. The possibility of using climbing plants to cover the surfaces of buildings is shown. It is advisable to choose a regular structure (mesh or slatted) as a frame for the propagation of creeping plants. The efficiency of such structures is calculated based on the fundamental relations of electrodynamics. Obtained relations for calculation of shielding coefficients for a normally incident electromagnetic wave and for a wave incident on the shield at an arbitrary angle. The ratio of the wavelengths of electromagnetic and acoustic fields, which are shielded by a regular structure, is shown. It is determined by the ratio of propagation speeds of electromagnetic and acoustic waves. For the introduction of creeping plants for protection against physical influences, experimental studies are necessary, which will allow to develop empirical or semi-empirical relationships for the preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of protection. A calculator is provided for calculating the parameters of a perforated or slotted screen for noise shielding. It is based on the determination of design parameters based on the sound frequency with the largest amplitude, which is considered resonant. Such a structure can also be a carrier of creeping plants. The advantage of such structures is their suitability for shielding lowfrequency sound, and winding plants extend the range of protection. In addition, winding plants contribute to energy saving.